PATTERNS

A list of the 24 Patterns, their meanings and the way they are performed by the T.A.G.B.
(The videos below follow the syllabus up to First Dan Black Belt)

Sajo Jirugi (10th Kup/white belt)

Sajo Jirugi is the first exercise practised by white belt students to develop space awareness and coordination.





Chon-Ji (9th Kup/yellow stripe Pattern)

Number of Movements: 19
Meaning of:
CHON-JI means literally "the Heaven and the Earth". It is, in the Orient, interpreted as the creation of the world or the beginning of human history, therefore, it is the initial pattern played by the beginner. This pattern consists of two similar parts; one to represent the Heaven and the other the Earth.



Dan-Gun (8th Kup/yellow belt Pattern)

Number of Movements: 21
Meaning of:
DAN-GUN is named after the holy Dan-Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in the year of 2,333 BC.



Do-San (7th Kup/green stripe Pattern)

Number of Movements: 24
Meaning of:
DO-SAN is the pseudonym of the patriot Ahn Chang-Ho (1876-1938) The 24 movements represent his entire life which he devoted to furthering the education of Korea and its independence movement.



Won-Hyo (6th Kup/green belt Pattern)

Number of Movements: 28
Meaning of:
WON-HYO was the noted monk who introduced Buddhism to the Silla Dynasty in the year of 686 AD.



Yul-Gok (5th Kup/blue stripe Pattern)

Number of Movements: 38
Meaning of:
YUL-GOK is the pseudonym of a great philosopher and scholar Yi l (1536-1584) nicknamed the "Confucius of Korea" The 38 movements of this pattern refer to his birthplace on 38 latitude and the diagram represents "scholar".



Joong-Gun (4th Kup/blue belt Pattern)

Number of Movements: 32
Meaning of:
JOONG-GUN is named after the patriot Ahn Joong-Gun who assassinated Hiro-Bumi Ito, the first Japanese governor-general of Korea, known as the man who played the leading part in the Korea-Japan merger. There are 32 movements in this pattern to represent Mr. Ahn's age when he was executed in a Lui-Shung prison (1910).



Toi-Gye (3rd Kup/red stripe Pattern)

Number of Movements: 37
Meaning of:
TOI-GYE is the pen name of the noted scholar Yi Hwang (16th century), an authority on neo Confucianism. The 37 movements of the pattern refer to his birthplace on 37 latitude, the diagram represents "scholar".



Hwa-Rang (2nd Kup/red belt Pattern)

Number of Movements: 29
Meaning of:
HWA-RANG is named after the Hwa-Rang youth group, which originated in the Silla Dynasty about 600 AD. This group eventually became the actual driving force for the unification of the three Kingsdoms of Korea. The 29 movements refer to the 29th Infantry Division, where Taekwondo developed into maturity.



Choong-Moo (1st Kup/black stripe Pattern)

Number of Movements: 30
Meaning of:
CHOONG-MOO was the name given to the great Admiral Yi Soon-Sin of the Yi Dynasty. He was reputed to have invented the first armoured battleship (Kobukson) in 1592, which is said to be the precursor of the present day submarine. The reason why this pattern ends with a left hand attack is to symbolize his regrettable death, having no chance to show his unrestrained potentiality checked by the forced reservation of his loyalty to the king.



BLACK BELT PATTERNS:

Kwang-Gae (1st Dan)
Number of Movements: 39
Meaning of:
KWANG-GAE is named after the famous Kwang-Gae-Toh-Wang, the 19th King of the Koguryo Dynasty, who regained all the lost territories including the greater part of Manchuria. The diagram represents the expansion and recovery of lost territory. The 39 movements refer to the first two figures of 391 A. D., the year he came to the throne.


Po-Eun (1st Dan)
Number of Movements: 36
Meaning of:
PO-EUN is the pseudonym of a loyal subject Chong Mong-Chu (1400) who was a famous poet and whose poem "I would not serve a second master though I might be crucified a hundred times" is know to every Korean. He was also a pioneer in the field of physics. The diagram represents his unerring loyalty to the king and country towards the end of the Koryo Dynasty.


Ge-Baek (1st Dan)
Number of Movements: 44
Meaning of:
GE-BAEK is named after Ge-Baek, a great general in the Baek Je Dynasty (660 AD). The diagram represents his severe and strict military discipline.


Eui-Am (2nd Dan)
Number of Movements: 45
Meaning of:
EUI-AM is the pseudonym of Son Byong Hi, leader of the Korean independence movement on March 1, 1919. The 45 movements refer to his age when he changed the name of Dong Hak (Oriental culture) to Chondo Kyo (Heavenly way religion) in 1905. The diagram represents his Indomitable Spirit, displayed while dedicating himself to the prosperity of his nation.


Ko-dang (2nd Dan)
Number of Movements: 39
Meaning of:
KO-DANG is the pseudonym of the patriot Cho Man Sik who dedicated his life to the independence movement and education of his people. The 39 movements signify his times of imprisonment and his birthplace on the 39th parallel.


Choong-Jang (2nd Dan)
Number of Movements: 52
Meaning of:
CHOONG-JANG is the pseudonym given to General Kim Duk Ryang who lived during the Yi Dynasty, 15th century. This pattern ends with a left-hand attack to symbolize the tragedy of his death at 27 in prison before he was able to reach full maturity.


Sam-Il (3rd Dan)
Number of Movements: 33
Meaning of :
SAM-IL denotes the historical date of the independence movement of Korea which began throughout the country on March 1st 1919. The 33 movements in the pattern stand for the 33 patriots who planned the movement.


Yoo-Sin (3rd Dan)
Number of Movements: 68
Meaning of :
YOO-SIN is named after General Kim Yoo Sin, a commanding general during the Silla Dynasty. The 68 movements refer to the last two figures of 668 A.D. the year Korea was united. The ready posture signifies a sword drawn on the right rather than left side, symbolising Yoo Sin's mistake of following his King's orders to fight with foreign forces against his own nation.


Choi-Yong (3rd Dan)
Number of Movements: 46
Meaning of :
CHOI-YONG is named after General Choi Yong, premier and commander in chief of the armed forces during the 14th century Koryo Dynasty. Choi Yong was greatly respected for his loyalty, patriotism, and humility. He was executed by his subordinate commanders headed by general Yi Sung Gae, who later became the first King of the Yi Dynasty.


Se-Jong (4th Dan)
Number of Movements: 24
Meaning of :
SE-JONG is named after the greatest Korean King, Se-Jong, who invented the Korean alphabet in 1443, and was also a noted meteorologist. The diagram represents the king, while the 24 movements refer to the 24 letters of the Korean alphabet.


Ul-Ji (4th Dan)
Number of Movements: 42
Meaning of :
UL-JI is named after general Ul-Ji Moon Dok who successfully defended Korea against a Tang's invasion force of nearly one million soldiers led by Yang Je in 612 A.D. Ul-Ji, employing hit and run guerrilla tactics, was able to decimate a large percentage of the force. The diagram represents his surname. The 42 movements represent the author's age when he designed the pattern.


Tong-Il (4th Dan)
Number of Movements: 56
Meaning of :
TONG-IL denotes the resolution of the unification of Korea which has been divided since 1945. The diagram symbolizes the homogenous race.


Yong-Gae (5th Dan)
Number of Movements: 49
Meaning of :
YON-GAE is named after a famous general during the Koguryo Dynasty, Yon Gae Somoon. The 49 movements refer to the last two figures of 649 A.D., the year he forced the Tang Dynasty to quit Korea after destroying nearly 300,000 of their troops at Ansi Sung.


Moon-Moo (5th Dan)
Number of Movements: 61
Meaning of :
MOON-MOO honours the 30th King of the Silla Dynasty. His body was buried near Dae Wang Am (Great King's Rock). According to his will, the body was placed in the sea "where my soul shall forever defend my land against the Japanese." It is said that the Sok Gul Am (Stone cave) was built to guard his tomb. The Sok Gul Am is a fine example of the culture of the Silla Dynasty. The 61 movements in this pattern symbolize the last two figures of 661 A.D. when Moon Moo came to the throne.


So San (5th Dan)
Number of Movements: 72
Meaning of :
SO-SAN is the pseudonym of the great monk Choi Hyong Ung (1520-1604) during the Yi Dynasty. The 72 movements refer to his age when he organized a corps of monk soldiers with the assistance of his pupil Sa Myunh Dang. The monk soldiers helped repulse the Japanese pirates who overran most of the Korean peninsula in 1592.